Marketing Plan Proposal for Blancpain Brand

Executive Summary Blancpain is well recognized watch-making brand that has dominated this market for approximately 400 years. Being part of the influential swatch group, the company has always pride itself with the ability to uniquely create mechanical watches. However, changes in both the internal and external business operating environment has called for marketing strategy adjustments.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Marketing Plan Proposal for Blancpain Brand specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore after successful analysis of the current market situation, this report suggests that the brand should target a single market segment. The decision to singularly focus on high-end consumer was arrived through the application of demographic segmentation. Since the above group of customer are very specific in what they desire, a concentrated target strategy is proposed. This strategy allows Blancpain to focus m ore on the need of the consumer while at the same time utilizing the limited resource. Also very important to note is that all promotion effort should be directed towards fostering great client relationship. Therefore sufficient effort should be placed on public relationship. Finally at all time Blackpain should act as a quality leader. Unique product feature, rich history and heritage, high craftsmanship, are some of the factors marketers of this Brand should use to justify the high prices. Introduction Blancpain is global reputable brand that was founded by Jehan-Jaques in 1735. The company that is own by the Swatch group, a respected industry leader, pride itself with an experience of about 400 years in creating mechanically watches (Blancpain). However, technology has enabled creation of gadget such as cell phones and laptops which already have in-built clocks. Similarly, electronically made watches are considered cheaper and accurate in telling. As result consumers no longer ne ed to buy additional time telling machines. However, the need to create a desirable status quo has lead to a certain group of consumers searching for a status symbol. Wristwatch is one of gadget that is proving to satisfy this need (Bewes Andreasen 17). If Blancpain is to retain its market position, it has to find ways appealing to this consumer need. Current Market Situation A marketing audit was conducted to establish the situation currently in the market. Important tools of analysis and auditing such as SWOT and PESTLE were employed. External (Macro) Environment SWOT is an acronym of Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats.Analysis of opportunities and threats shed some light on the external business operating environment. Similarly, the understanding of this environment was further enhanced by conducting the PESTLE analysis. A pestle analysis involves scrutinizing the external environment paying particular attention to the Political, External, Social, Technology, Legal an d finally Environmental factors (Kats Shapiro 60).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Political Factors Political development affecting the watch-making industry particularly wrist watch can act either as threats or opportunities. Blancpain produces wrist watches with a global appeal. The brand is especially popular in Russia, Asian, USA and other European markets (Blancpain). Therefore, any political aspect in these markets that is affecting the performance of the company is considered. After the Global financial crisis, Governments were pressurize by citizens to put strict regulations that would check the personal spending habits of executives and other prominent persons holding public offices. This in turn has affected the uptake of luxury goods in markets such as the USA (Bewes Andreasen 16). Although Blancpain is yet to be adversely affected, if the trend continues there is a potential threat of losing out on sales volume. On the other side, Asian markets were not adversely affected and therefore have been providing diversifying opportunity. The political governance and structure of China for instance did not only insulate the country from the adverse effect of the crisis but also ensured economic growth. Currently, the country’s economy is the second largest in the world. As result, the purchasing power of the consumers has increased. The country is now an important wrist watch export destination as indicated by figures from the Swatch group. To be precise, export sale of wristwatch in the country increased by 58.8 %(Bewes Andreasen 18). However, allegation of political interference and manipulation of the Chinese yen act as threat (Bewes Andreasen 18). This factor coupled with another threat of increase competition from china domestic watch makers could result in making Blancpain less competitive. Nonetheless, Blancpain can still ca pitalize on the opportunity created by political goodwill in Russia. The current prime minister is recognized for setting fashion trend when it comes to wearing of wristwatch (Blancpain). Evidently he prefers Blancpain brand and as result the brand is experiencing sufficient demand in this region. Another important fact is that this nation is somewhat shielded from the pressure associated with luxury spending. Despite 17% of the citizen living below the poverty line, luxury spending on watches is more acceptable especially when compared with the USA and other European countries (Bewes Andreasen 23) Economical Factors A strong economy creates an opportunity for the brand while a weak economy poses potential threats. As mentioned earlier, the global financial crisis has been the greatest challenge to luxury makers. Even without government interventions, most consumers opted to abandon their extravagant spending.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Marketing Pl an Proposal for Blancpain Brand specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The influential Swiss watch industry, which more often than not act as a global indicator of the situation at hand, experience a 22.3% drop in sales revenue. However currently there have been some sign of recovery, but still things have not returned to way they used to be prior to the crisis (Bewes Andreasen 33) Additionally, the current Europe financial crisis poses a significant threat. Even though the most affected countries are Spain, Greece, Ireland and Portuguese, there are fears that it might spill over to other European zones. Possibly it might eventually destabilize the frail global economy. Even the Asian continent and particularly China has shown some signs of being susceptible to this particular crisis. Some of its market indices lost some points due to the release of negative news. Consumers are now more caution and therefore such news result in reduced spe nding (Bewes Andreasen 38) The strengthening Swiss currency is also another threat that is affecting negatively the sale revenue. Since most transactions are transacted in US dollar, a stronger Swiss Franc is a major disadvantage. However, the brand has the opportunity of riding on the reputation of Switzerland as a global and almost monopoly in making luxury watches. The economic policies, such as the monetary and fiscal policies are very conducive. A good example is the tax policies which is one of the lowest among the OECD nation (Bewes Andreasen 17). Sociological Factors Most purchases of Blancpain wristwatch are physiological driven. The consumer always aims at fulfilling a certain social need. That is the reason most board members of high-profile organization are most likely going to choose this Brand over others. Therefore, this Brand has the opportunity of increasing it market share by focusing on such factors (Blancpain). For example, political goodwill in Russia is not t he only reason why the Brand appears to be doing well in the market. Also, the cultural tendency of showing off one’s wealth through purchasing of luxury item, has contributed significantly (Bewes Andreasen 22).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similarly, for over two century it has been the culture of the rich and elite Chinese citizens to purchase expensive luxury. Predominantly, the most elegant gift that the rich of this country offer during weddings is wristwatches. This has propelled most wristwatch makers to fasten their effort of increasing the market share in the region. With the era of cheap labour coming to an end in this country and most Chinese expected to enjoy an increase disposable income, there is a high probability most will turn to luxury spending. In fact, already the country is experiencing a 30% annual increase in demand for luxury goods (Bewes Andreasen 23) Technological factors For a company that boast on its ability to develop and maintain traditional mechanical watches, advancement in technology can prove to be a threat. The early 1930 gave birth to a new technology which enabled the development of quartz watches. Electronic quartz watches pose great challenge since they are considered to be more accurate, relatively easy and cheap to produce. As result their sale price is relatively cheaper. On the other hand, mechanical are complicated and expensive to produce. In addition, they are considered to be less accurate and it is only natural for them to enjoy relatively smaller market share (Blancpain). A case in point is the comparison between the Japanese quartz wrist watch and Swiss, which Blancpain belong to, mechanically luxury wrist watch. The Japanese wrist watch is more accurate and can retain battery charge for over ten years, it still command relatively minimum retail price of approximately 50$. On other hand, the Swiss is less accurate, it power reserve is only for a week and therefore requires continuous maintenance, yet still it command a huge retail price of approximately $ 25,000. As mention in the Blancpain philosophy, there are so many complications involved in creating mechanical wrist watch. Perhaps this is the reason 2003 figures indicate that annually Switz erland only produced 2% of globally produced wristwatches. However when it comes to the values, the country earned approximately EURO 9 billion which is equivalent to 65% of the total value. Definitely new technology, such as quartz watch and in-built clock in electronic media such as laptops and phones, pose a threat. Nevertheless the brand can capitalize on the appeal associate with its year of experience and traditional craftsmanship (Bewes Andreasen 25). Legal Factors The fact Blancpain operates in a global arena makes it susceptible to a number legal factors and regulations. To begin with it must comply with the watch certification of the countries it focuses on. This regulation are aimed at ensuring that the watches are of high quality and do not present any risk to the consumer. Blancpain must also complain with the Swiss law in order to be labelled as Swiss made watch. From thereon it can capitalize on good reputation of Switzerland craftsmanship. The global directive towar ds the restriction of any unsafe manufacturing material has resulted in increasing the cost of manufacturing by approximately 16%. This cost is incurred during the process of testing whether the finished product comply with this directive (Bewes Andreasen 24). Environmental Factors Since Blancpain produces mechanical wristwatch, it has been able to avoid environmental degradation that is a society with electrical gadgets. It does not depend on electrical power, a factor that is currently playing a big part in affecting the environment adversely. The price tag that come with Blancpain wrist brand ensure customers are attached to it and therefore can not carelessly dispose it, hence reducing that amount of un-recycled waste in the environment (Blancpain). Internal (Micro) environment Strength and Weakness part of the swot analysis were used to analyse the internal factors affecting the organization (Kats Shapiro). Strength and Weakness Blancpain is a reputable and well known brand, it belong to the swatch group which is a Swiss company and a favourite of the high end consumer. Similarly it has a heritage of approximately 400 years and therefore it credited with having vast experienced in its specialized field. Another important factor is its team of qualified workers. Its top management are well renowned for their contribution in the industry (Blancpain). However one major weakness surrounding this company its inability to produce a large volume of products to satisfy the customers need. In addition the cost of manufacturing its products is relatively expensive as compared to electrical quartz watch. Similarly, ultra flat style which is a feature of Blancpain products is very delicate and requires handling with extra care. Also the negative publicity that followed major top management change did little justice to this brand. Allegations were that these changes were as result of hard economic times and an effort to maintain family control within the business (B lancpain). Competitive edge To achieve a competitive advantage a company can either adopt a cost leadership strategy or take a differentiation approach (Kats Shapiro 68). Blancpain cannot adopt the first strategy since it is difficult for it to cut down cost and still produce the exact product features it wishes. Therefore the organization has adopted a differentiation strategy by formulating more than one unique selling preposition. The prepositions are found on the company philosophy and emphasize on; the years of operation, traditional and unique method of manufacturing the clock, attentive to details, and inclusion of high craftsmanship (Blancpain). Market Segmentation After conducting a situation analysis the next step involved market segmentation. This is the process of identifying and classifying markets portion depending on various attributes that differentiate them (Kats Shapiro 79). The cost of manufacturing a mechanical watch is tedious and expensive and therefore Blanc pain should only focus on high-end consumer segment. Demographic attributes such as consumer life cycle stage, income, Gender, lifestyle and social class should be given special attention while identifying this group of consumers. The possibility of enjoying increase profitability and high rate of return, the capability of the Brand to satisfy the needs of this group, and the fact that these consumers have a common needs and therefore react to marketing messages in same way, confirmed the choice of the segment. This segment considers wristwatch to be more of a fashion statement as oppose to time telling device. As result Blancpain will be able to avoid competition from quartz watches. Target Market Strategy Concentrated target market strategy is the most appropriate in this situation. This is because this strategy allows the organization to focus on a single selected segment and hence apply only a single marketing mix (Kats Shapiro 81). With this strategy Blancpain will now be able specialize in creating mechanical watches more efficiently, focusing on needs and desires of its sophisticated consumers. Considering the human talent required to create the desired watch is limited, this approach allow for effective utilization of this scarce resource. Positioning As established the targeted buyers value sophistication and excellence, they want to differentiate themselves from the rest of the crowd. Therefore, Blancpain should never be tempted to position itself as an impressionist. Therefore very little change is proposed here since its unique selling preposition creates a positive perception on the minds of the consumer. However the fact that consumer has to read almost the entire company philosophy in order to establish these preposition is a weakness by itself. For that reason this position strategy that focuses on the features and benefit of the product, can be improved by developing a single statement that describe the unique selling preposition. Marketing G oals and Objectives Blancplain profitability is not through increase sale volume but rather by emphasizing on the quality of its wristwatch. Therefore the objectives should be driven towards justify the high sale prices. As a result, the goals and objective of this Brand should be: To increase its quality leadership by 20% annually. To increase product awareness by 30% annually. To strengthen the business to customer relationship within the first 4 month of the implementation of the plan. Marketing Strategies and Programs The above goals and objectives can only be achieved by adopting an appropriate marketing programs and strategies. Choosing the right strategies and programs involves making fundamental marketing decision relating to the marketing mix (Kats Shapiro 88). Marketing Mix decision The first decision is to define the product by emphasizing that it is a highly sophisticated mechanically wrist watch brand. Secondly, customer should be well aware that it is a refined luxu ry product and as result it is expected to charge premium prices. Over the four P’s in the market strategy, the price will be very important to this brand. This is because the company aims to maintain quality leadership by using high prices to signal the quality of its product. A skimming strategy therefore would be appropriate for such a segment which is relatively less price sensitive (Kats Shapiro 96). The prices will psychologically stimulate the targeted market to purchase the product. To achieve our third objective, channel of distribution are going to be minimized as much as possible. Only retailers who are licensed by Blancpain as result of meeting specified qualification should be allowed to sell this Brand. However, middle men are going to be reduced considerably through the use of internet. Auctioning through the internet will provide the consumer with a number of benefits including sufficient time to bid, gauge demand for product and set reasonable bid price. The adopted promotion strategy will aim to create a good public relation. Media releases are going to be used to tell the story about the company’s heritage and culture of excellence. They shall be followed by events which are organized with the aim of pointing out the unique product features. In addition these events are expected to create good networks that are going to be maintained through follow-ups for future promotions. Conclusion Definitely by narrowing down its focus to particular specified segment, Blancpain is bound to enjoy a number of benefits. First and foremost, it will be able to utilize it resources more efficiently and manage the cost of manufacturing. Secondly, it is most likely going to tackle the weakness of being unable to meet the current demand. Also very important is the fact that it will stand a chance of building an effective customer relationship. Hence in the process point out to the unique product features that justify the high selling price. Works Cited Bewes, Gilligan Andreasen Richard. â€Å"The luxury Watch Industry, Swiss watch Domination† industry watch report 19.32 (2008): 15-40. Print. Blancpain. Blancpain Manufacture, 2009. Website. 10th December 2009. Kats, Gabriel, Shapiro Hollans. Principles of Effective Strategic Marketing. Burlington: Elsevier, 2008. Print. This assessment on Marketing Plan Proposal for Blancpain Brand was written and submitted by user Journee Cash to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them)

7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them) 7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them) 7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them) By Mark Nichol The sentence construction â€Å"(noun) (verb phrase) by (noun)† is known as passive voice or passive construction, because the true subject is relegated to the end of the sentence and is thus acted on, rather than acting, which often weakens the statement. The solution is simple: Give the focal point of the sentence its due â€Å"(noun) (verb) (noun),† and demote the false subject to the back of the line. Note that not every passive construction is evil sometimes what seems to be the false subject is worthy of prominence but a preponderance of passive constructions leads to a wearying read. 1. â€Å"There is a considerable range of expertise demonstrated by the spam senders.† The actors in this little drama are the spam spenders or, to be more active, the spam senders are the actors in this little drama. Direct them center stage, and send the weak â€Å"there is† opening packing to the provinces: â€Å"The spam senders demonstrate a considerable range of expertise.† 2. â€Å"It was determined by the committee that the report was inconclusive.† Again, the subject is weak and indeterminate. Two actors, the committee and the report, are vying for the lead role here, but committee is the bearer of the news about the report, and to place the report the head of the sentence would be to replace one passive sentence with another. Attend to the actors: â€Å"The committee determined that the report was inconclusive.† 3. â€Å"We were invited by our neighbors to attend their party.† We is stronger than it as a sentence opener, but â€Å"our neighbors† is stronger still: â€Å"Our neighbors invited us to attend their party.† 4. â€Å"Groups help participants realize that most of their problems and secrets are shared by others in the group.† This sentence starts off actively but then turns and bellies up in the middle; emphasizing â€Å"others in the group† over â€Å"most of their problems and secrets† makes the sentence more active: â€Å"Groups help participants realize that others in the group share most of their problems and secrets.† 5. â€Å"The proposed initiative will be bitterly opposed by abortion rights groups.† The content may be about the proposed initiative, but that doesn’t preclude given a sentence about it a more dynamic structure: â€Å"Abortion rights groups will bitterly oppose the proposed initiative.† 6. â€Å"Minor keys, modal movement, and arpeggios are shared by both musical traditions.† The writer is detailing key information at the head of this sentence, but starting off with the context is stronger: â€Å"Both musical traditions share minor keys, modal movement, and arpeggios.† 7. â€Å"In this way, the old religion was able to survive the onslaught of new ideas until the old gods were finally displaced by Christianity.† Remember when I wrote that not every passive voice should be targeted for reconstruction? This sentence is more active, but no more correct: â€Å"In this way, the old religion was able to survive the onslaught of new ideas until Christianity finally displaced the old gods.† Perhaps the newcomer, Christianity, should also come later in the sentence. Again, don’t indiscriminately exterminate passive construction at the expense of the writer’s voice or intent, but do exercise judicial revision to rejuvenate pallid prose. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Using the Active Voice to Strengthen Your WritingTestimony vs. Testimonial

How to Avoid Bias in Your Writing

How to Avoid Bias in Your Writing How to Avoid Bias in Your Writing How to Avoid Bias in Your Writing By Mark Nichol Gender and ability bias in language doesn’t register for many people, but that’s often because many of them do not belong to the classes who have been subjected to the bias. For example, many writers persist in referring to our species, collectively, as man or mankind, even though several reasonable alternatives exist: the human race, humankind, and humanity. Most (though not all) are men. â€Å"Get over it† is a common counterargument to the assertion that because half of mankind is womankind, a gender-neutral alternative is more sensitive to that fact; man and mankind, the reasoning goes, have sufficed for most of recorded human history sorry, I mean â€Å"man history† and everybody knows it refers not just to the breadwinner, the man of the house, the king of the castle but also to the weaker sex, the little woman, the housewife. Get my drift? Get over it, indeed. Man up, and join the human race. One justification for opposing gender-neutral language is that it can be so cumbersome. Why convolutedly change he, as a generic term, to â€Å"he or she,† or his to â€Å"his or her†? We all know he or his can refer to a man or a woman, and English lacks an inclusive pronoun. (Except that it doesn’t but I’ll get to that in a moment.) Yes, repetitious use of â€Å"he or she† or â€Å"his or her† is ridiculous, but it’s easy to mix it up with it, the magical indeterminate pronoun, or to alternate between he and she or his and her in successive anecdotes, or to pluralize a reference and use they in place of a specific pronoun. Or gasp! you can replace â€Å"he or she† with they. Kill the klaxon, switch off the warning lights, and think about it: They has been long used as a singular pronoun as well as a plural one. But not everybody agrees, so be prepared for pushback if you employ this solution. References to physical disabilities are even more fraught with risks to sensitivity. Such constructions as â€Å"confined to a wheelchair† identify people by their limitations, which is discriminatory. It’s more respectful to refer to someone who â€Å"uses a wheelchair.† What about, simply, â€Å"wheelchair users,† or â€Å"blind people,† or â€Å"deaf children†? These phrases violate what’s known as the people-first philosophy, which holds that any reference to a person should emphasize the person, not their disability. So, refer to â€Å"Smith, who uses a wheelchair,† â€Å"people who are blind† or â€Å"people with visual impairments,† and â€Å"children who are deaf† or â€Å"children who are hearing impaired.† And it should go without saying that references to a disability are extraneous unless it is relevant to the discussion. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Business Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of Adjectives15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their Synonyms48 Writing Prompts for Middle School Kids

Applied science Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Applied science Report - Research Paper Example While clinical science includes a scientific component, it also includes aspects of care such as communication and knowledge, acquired through interaction in the health care environment. Clinical science is distinguished from medical practice, in that it includes experiences and knowledge gained through interaction, as well as relevant data surrounding clinical issues. Daniels & Powell (2006) define clinical science as â€Å"the contributions of scientific disciplines to health promotion and the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease through the development, communication and application of new knowledge.† The definition does not suggest, however, the existing knowledge and experiences are cast aside, in preference of more current findings. It implies that existing knowledge, experience and data can be used to further advance or develop new methods of inquiry and new approaches for the clinical setting. Two topics of interest in clinical science today are those of exer cise and sports psychology. Exercise is an increasingly important topic, as more Americans face health issues, due to sedentary lifestyles. Benefits of regular exercise are linked to longevity and holistic wellbeing of a person. Sports psychology is an important topic, as it provides insight into how top athletes develop and how they are able to become the best and fiercest competitors. This report will investigate how a physical activity program and visualization techniques can be coupled, to improve overall fitness. â€Å"Numerous athletes are turning towards mental imagery to take their game to the next level† (Plessinger, 2011). Understanding how athletes use imagery can help those who adopt a regular exercise program achieve the results they desire. Research Method The method of research used for this report is inquiry into current literature on both the benefits of regular exercise and the benefits of visualization in exercise. Data collected from literature includes sc ientific journals on exercise and sports performance, with the inclusion of reports available on the internet, which focus on health benefits of exercise and the benefits of visualization in sports. Key words used to find relevant literature include visualization in sports, benefits of regular exercise, mental imagery in sports, science in exercise and use of mental imagery in competition. The databases used for journal articles are Academic Search Premier, for articles in Journal of Sports Behavior and Ebscohost, for Journal of Physiological Anthropology. Ebscohost is also used for the Book by Carol W. Kraak and Vivica I. Articles pertaining to sports performance were also obtained directly from the Vanderbilt University, Psychology Department website and from the University of Minnesota, Department of Medicine site. Findings Physical Exercise With realization on benefits of regular exercise comes the pressure of incorporating exercise program into already over-crowded and busy dai ly routines. This means that maximal benefits are sought under the shortest span possible, predisposing one to risk of injury and chronic fatigue. Therefore, there is need to formulate a proper working out program. It is of great importance that before commencing an exercise program, one should consult with a clinical physician or a qualified sports physician. This takes

TOPIC 2 Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

TOPIC 2 - Movie Review Example hoice to not use any color palette aside from gray, black, and white in the movie creates a gripping sense of drama and the unexpected that helps to place the viewer on the edge of his seat. The story is kicked off by the voice of a narrator, an old man who had previously lived in the village and experienced the mysterious events that remained without answers. His narration is supposed to be a hindsight explanation of how the Germans eventually fell prey to the Fascism of Adolf Hitler during World War 2. In his mind, the reasons behind the rise of the Third Reich and the potential targeting of the Jews can be traced back, at least for him and those whom he knew, to the way that their little village was run by the Baron and its other residents in a similar fashion during the years leading up to World War 1. The children who grew up during this era were after all, the very same children who came into adulthood during the time of Hitler and delivered the power he so craved to him when he asked for it. Hanke, as a film maker, dug deep into the history of the two world wars that Germany was directly involved in order to successfully portray the complex love and hate relation ships of the village residents that served as the catalyst of violence within the community. Borrowing from American literature, the children who wore the â€Å"White Ribbon† on their arms reminds one of the evil and judgment that accompanied the women who wore the â€Å"Scarlett Letter† in Nathaniel Hawthornes historic American literary work. The incestuous relationship between the doctor and his 14 year old daughter proves the kind of complex relationship between the residents of the village. Although the doctor loved her father, as shown at the beginning after his fall from his horse, she also despised him for abusing her. The wife of the Baron, was in a hurtful love affair with the same doctor whom she could not leave. By interweaving the lives of these people, we begin a study in human nature

The Chrysalides Essay Example for Free

The Chrysalides Essay During the course of the novel The Chrysalids we learned and traveled into the minds of some of the characters. All of the characters had their strengths (as well as weaknesses) but one character in particular seemed to keep her cool and lead her group of friends with a power known as ESP (extra sensory perception) away from a place known as Waknuk where they would be hunted and killed werent it for the fact that they all looked like regular human beings. The name of the girl I speak of is Rosalind. She plays a very big part in the story even though most people dont pay much attention to the things she does, she in essence keeps the group together and keeps them alive because she is a determined, resourceful and self-reliant young woman. To start lets look at some of the characteristics that make Rosalind who she is. A large part of her personality revolves around her determination in everything she does in life. (this includes her love life, her motherly attitude, the safety of the group etc. ) Lets start with her love life. In the early stages after David and Sophie are separated because her deviation is discovered we find out that Rosalind and David start to like each other, we find this out more through David then Rosalind as David is mainly the one speaking in the novel and we know that they like each other because things like She was handsome, with a face you could not help watching; she was attractive, too, in the way she moved and carried herself, (93) and I loved the bronze-gold hair that felt like heavy silk in ones hand(p. 149) It is also stated in the book that they would ometimes go into the fields to meet with each other and keep a romantic relationship but they could not do so as often as they would have wanted to because their fathers did not quite like each other The feud between our families which had first come into the open over the matter of the great-horses had now been established for years. (98). In terms of her determination towards her motherly duties at the time (taking care of Petra) she was always making sure she was safe even if it meant taking her away from David emotionally. It also served as a relief to her having another female other than David that she could vent to. She was also determined to keep Petra calm when she was scared of what would happen to the group and try to get information out of her calmly when she contacted the people of Sealand. for example when she says Did you ask her the name of the place, darling? Rosalind inquired. and But it is, darling. You get them from her, then you show them to us only gently, so that we can read them. (136) She would say words like darling and keep calm and say things in an upbeat tone so that she would cooperate and tell them what they wanted to know. To finish off this topic of discussion I look toward the fact that Rosalind was always determined and ready to help the group when they needed it. She did various things throughout the book to show her determination to the group. These actions were very beneficial and helpful but may have gone unnoticed because she was always the one pulling the group together so we forget about the smaller things she did and usually just recall the big things. For example, some very important things she did that could have gone unnoticed during the course of the book include the fact that before David and Petra had to leave home because the group had been discovered, they had not packed very much for the journey as opposed to Rosalind who had everything set up and ready to go at a moments notice. This small detail in the plot could have made the difference between life and death for the 3 of them. I say this because if Rosalind did not have everything set up the way she did it might have taken too long to get the horses or they might have run out of food on the way and starved making them incapable of finishing their journey. In essence we can already see that Rosalind is a true leader and we can also see by the last example that she is a very resourceful young lady. She demonstrates this in many parts of the novel and every time she shows this trait it not only helps the group proceed in their journey but also advances the plot. To start if we look back to the novel we can see that in every case where a plan needed to be made or a task executed she would be at the front lines getting everything ready to ensure that everything went smoothly. This included events such as the escape from Waknuk which I have already mentioned AND also the route for the journey they would take to get into the Fringes. She would also make contact to Michael whenever she could to get a status report on the soldiers position Whats happening? I asked Michael. Was that your lot shooting? No. That was the other party. Theyre trying to draw the Fringes men across their way so that we can come in from the opposite side and take them in the rear. (173) During their travels the group would also meet up with some people they didnt particularly want to see. Rosalind being the resourceful quick thinker she is would quickly take care of them with whatever and however she could. Perhaps I was sleeping lightly, or it may have been just coincidence that I woke up to catch an anguished thought from Rosalind. Ive killed him, Michael. Hes quite dead . . . Then she slid off into a panicky, chaotic thought-shape. (103) This just goes to show that her resourcefulness and committed attitude strengthens her overall personality and she will go to great lengths and use as well as do whatever she has to do to keep the group safe, which truly displays her personality and the type determined resourceful kind of person she is. To conclude there is one more point that must be addressed that brings her personality all together. Rosalind never had anyone at home or in her family she could talk to. For the most part she had to grow and learn for herself. This is what gives her, her protective shield and bring her together as one of the strongest (if not the strongest) member of the group. In every aspect of her life that we know of in the novel she relied on herself and got things done for her well being as well as the well being of those she cared about, because she was incredibly self-reliant. She always took things into her own hands and would even scold or get away from people if things were being done wrong Do you mean to say thats all youve brought? she said disapprovingly. ( ) She also took an active role in being a parental figure for Petra even though she had no parenting experience. She would simply rely on what she knew from what she had learned from what she had done through her mistakes and accomplishments and apply it to her real world scenarios. And in doing so would also give her the capacity to apply a game plan to other scenarios in her life such as how to keep everyone quiet about the groups powers and how to avoid and escape dangerous situations. It could even be said that being alone helped her develop her mind faster and that her armour would keep her in her thoughts long enough to be able to make non-rash decisions which could have ultimately led to the groups overall victory in the end. In conclusion the aspects of Rosalinds personality let her strive in a community where she would not have been accepted.  Knowing this Rosalind trained herself in the 3 key personality traits I have discussed which allowed her to be able to carry herself and the group to a triumphant victory over the people of Waknuk and allowed her to finally be able to take off her armour She turned her head. The under-Rosalind was in her face, smiling, shiny-eyed. The armour was gone. She let me look beneath it. It was like a flower opening. (208)which was probably Rosalinds biggest accomplishment.

legalize :: essays research papers

Cannabis is one of the most widely used drugs throughout the world. The psychoactive constituent of cannabis, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC), produces a myriad of pharmacological effects in animals and humans. Marijuana has been in use for over 4,000 years as a therapeutic and as a recreational drug. It can have both stimulant and sedative properties. In usual intoxicating doses, it produces a sense of well-being, relaxation, a loss of temporal awareness, slowing of thought processes, impairment of short term memory, and a feeling of achieving special insights. At high dosed marijuana can induce panic, toxic delirium, and not often, psychosis. Marijuana is the term used to describe the leaves and flowering tops of the Cannabis sativa plant. Like other herbal medicines, the Cannabis plant plays host to a number of chemicals. The plant houses approximately 460 known compounds. Sixty of these are unique to the Cannabis plant and are called cannabinoids. The primary psychoactive cannabinoid is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) interacts with cannabinoid receptors to trigger dopamine relase from the mesolimbic reward system. Chemically the cannabinoids are classed as terpenoid (terpene-like). These compounds occur as essential oils within many plants and some are involved in vitamin, steroid and pigment formation. There are two known endogenous cannabinoid receptors named CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are found primarily in the brain. They are most prevalent in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. CB1 receptors in the hippocampus mediate effects on short-term memory. CB2 receptors are also found in the brain, but more so expressed by cells of the immune system, especially B cells. The CB receptor is a G protein mediated receptor that affects primarily calcium and potassium channel activation (Howlett et al, 1995). Both receptors are G protein linked, decrease adenyl cyclase activity, inhibit calcium N channels, and disinhibit potassium channels. Functional changes are most notable in neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release. Both receptor types selectively bind THC, the active principle in marijuana, and anandamide, an endogenous cannabimimetic eicosanoid (Felder et al, 2000). As was just mentioned, there is also an endogenous cannabinoid system, the brain’s own marijuana, capable of activating these cannabinoid receptors functionally. These endocannabinoids are synthesized by neurons and inactivated by reuptake systems and enzymes in both neurons and glia. Initially, the receptors were considered orphaned receptors meaning that there were no endogenous ligands. Subsequent research turned up two endogenous cannabinoid ligands, anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol, that not only bind to the receptors but also mimic many of the biological actions of plant-derived cannabinoids.

Mary Wollstonecraft and the Early Women’s Rights Movement Essay

Who was Mary Wollstonecraft? Mary Wollstonecraft was a very complex person and to try to completely describe who she was would be impossible. However it’s not impossible to share her life and what she accomplished. Mary was born in 1759 in London; she was the second of six children. Her father was an alcoholic and her mother was a battered house wife. Wollstonecraft tried to protect her mother from her father’s attacks but she was also a victim of her father’s abuse. She had very little formal education and was largely self-taught. When she was nineteen she went out to earn her own living. In 1783, Mary helped her sister escape a miserable marriage and later on the two sisters founded and taught at a school in Newington Green; an experience from which Mary drew to write Thoughts on the Education of Daughters: With Reflections on Female Conduct, in the More Important Duties of Life. Shortly after Mary became the governess in the family of Lord Kingsborough, living most of the time in Ireland. Following her dismissal Wollstonecraft spent several years observing political and social developments in France, and wrote History and Moral View of the Origins and Progress of the French Revolution. In 1790 she wrote Vindication of the Rights of Man, the first response to Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France. Mary Wollstonecraft’s most famous work which got her the reputation as a feminist was A Vindication of the Rights of Woman; it was published in 1792. Her first child, Fanny, was born in 1795, the daughter of American Gilbert Imlay. When Imlay deserted her she tried to drown herself. Eventually she recovered and went to live with William Godwin, a longtime friend. She then married Godwin in 1797. Wollstonecraft died a few days after the birth of her second daughter, Mary. Before Wollstonecraft died she had been writing a book called Maria, or the Wrongs of Woman; it was published unfinished in Paris in 1798. Wollstonecraft believed that women’s freedom should extend to their sexual lives. In her writings, she compared married life for a woman to prostitution. Mary argued that women had strong sexual desires and that it was degrading and immoral to pretend otherwise. Mary Wollstonecraft’s View on Women’s Rights Early on in her life, Mary Wollstonecraft began making great contributions and brought new and not well-received views on women and society. She fully supported that if girls were pushed and encouraged from an early age to develop their minds, it would be seen that they were fair balanced creatures and there was no reason whatsoever for them to not to be given the same opportunities as boys with regard to education and training. She believed education could be the salvation of women, education held the key to achieving a sense of self-respect and anew self-image that would enable women to put their capacities to good use. She insisted women be taught serious subjects like reading, writing, arithmetic, botany, natural history, and moral philosophy. In proposing giving the same education to girls as given to boys, she went a little further and proposed that both girls and boys be taught and educated together. Now this was even more extreme than anything that was proposed before because the mere idea of co-educational schooling was simply looked on as absurd. Many educational thinkers of the time considered co-educational schooling a ridiculous idea. Wollstonecraft called herself â€Å"a new genus† a woman who made her own living my writing. At one point in Mary Wollstonecraft’s life she was homeless, without a job, she had nothing to live on and she was in debt to many people. She was 28 years old and had no plans to marry any time soon. She had nothing yet she still refused to learn the techniques where most women in her situation would usually try to make life decent enough for themselves to live. In other words they would surrender themselves to the will of man or their social superiors, but she refused to do so, she was â€Å"a new genus.† She believed that marriage as it was practiced was the equivalent of legal prostitution, and that women would never be able to show the ability to be independent, reasoning, free human beings as long as they were only educated â€Å" to catch a man†. Wollstonecraft thought that women should be educated to support themselves, with or without marriage, and that they should be able to have the same professions as any man. At the very least she believed women should have equal rights to custody of their own children and be able to control their own money. Mary Wollstonecraft had believed that when revolutionaries had talked about â€Å"man,† they were using shorthand to describe all humanity.Then in 1791, former Bishop of Autun promoted  government schools that would end at 8th grade for girls but continue on for boys. This made it clear to Wollstonecraft that despite all the talk about equality between men and women, the French Revolution wasn’t planning to help women as much as it said it was. She then began writing her most famous work, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. It was published in three volumes. During the late eighteenth century in Western Europe, single women had very little protection under the law and when they were married women lost their legal identities. Women couldn’t have a lawyer, sign a contract, vote, inherit property, or have rights over their own ch ildren. William Blackstone, an Oxford law professor, wrote † The husband and wife are one person in law; that is the very being or legal existence of the women is suspended during the marriage or at least incorporated and consolidated into that of the husband: under whose wing, protection and cover, she performs everything.† Basically saying that when a woman gets married her identity and existence is taken away legally. Some of her identity is shared with her husband but over all she does not legally exist and the only protection and safety she has is with her husband, who she must do everything for. Then along came Mary Wollstonecraft, who caused quite a stir with her book A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. She believed that women and men were both human beings empowered with basic rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. She insisted that women should be free to enter business, pursue professional careers, and vote if they wanted to. Mary took the task of helping women to achieve a better life, not only for themselves and for their children, but also for their husbands. Wollstonecraft inspired many people because she wrote with such passion and spoke from the heart. A Vindication of the Rights of Women A Vindication of the Rights of Women was one of the earliest works of feminist philosophy. In the book Wollstonecraft argues that instead of viewing women as ornaments to society or property to be traded in marriage, women are human beings and deserve to have the same essential rights as men. Wollstonecraft was encouraged to write A Vindication to the Rights of Women after reading Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord’s 1791 report to the French National Assembly. The report stated that that women should only  receive a domestic education; she used her interpretation on this specific event to launch a broad attack against sexual double standards and to accuse men for encouraging women to indulge in excessive emotion. She even dedicated A Vindication of the Rights of Women to Talleyrand, who at the time was designing a national education program for boys in France. She hoped to convince him that a system like that should include girls for the same programs and in the same cl assrooms as boys. How Mary Wollstonecraft made a difference for Woman’s Rights Throughout her whole life Mary Wollstonecraft had been fighting for equality for women, but what got people’s attention was her book A Vindication of the Rights of Women. In the book she not only argues that women should have the same educational opportunities’ as men she also wrote that women should have the same rights as men within the law. A Vindication of the Rights of Women covered a wide range of topics relating to the condition of women. When making her argument supporting the equal education for woman Wollstonecraft also talked about her theories on the social, legal, and environmental causes for the rank of women. After writing A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Wollstonecraft rose up into a class of her own. She had gone beyond many others who had written about educating women and those who had done well by making the most of the lower position of women. A large amount of women novelists had portrayed women who achieved heroic moral importance, but they didn’t always celebrate women with brains. During her lifetime, Wollstonecraft raised argument in support of Women’s Rights that would become important in the Women’s Rights movements of the following two centuries. Her work in pursuit of equality for women led her to being named the founder of the British Women’s Rights Movement. Mary Wollstonecraft was a pioneer for women. She envisioned a future when women could pursue virtually any career opportunities. She led the way for feminists and her book is a classic that still inspires people today. Bibliography Primary Sources: Mary Wollstonecraft, Political Writings; A Vindication of the Rights of Men: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman; and An Historical and Moral View of the Origin and Progress of the French Revolution, ed. By Janet Todd (Toronto, 1993). Shows excerpts from the books Mary Wollstonecraft wrote and talks about them. Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (Penguin, 1993). The whole copy of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. Mary Wollstonecraft, Maria or the Wrongs of Woman, ill. By Anne K. Mellor (Norton, 1994). The last book, left unfinished, that Mary Wollstonecraft wrote. Secondary Sources: Flexner, Eleanor. Mary Wollstonecraft: A Bibliography. New York: Coward, McCann, & Geoghegan, Inc. 1972. Shows how Wollstonecraft’s early life had a big impact on the development of her ideas. Kemerling, Garth. Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797). 1996. (November 13, 2000). This website goes over some of Wollstonecraft’s observations at the school where she taught and it talks about all the books she wrote. Kreis, Steven. The History Guide: Lectures on Modern European Intellectual History. (May 13, 2004). The website gives a short biography of Mary Wollstonecraft’s life. This website also gives links to Wollstonecraft’s writings. Feminist Interpretation of Mary Wollstonecraft, ed. By Maria J. Falco (Penn. State, 1995). Talks about Mary Wollstonecraft’s life and accomplishments in detail.

Analysis of “Where Does the Temple Begin. Where Does It End?” by Mary Oliver

Sultan Qaboos University- Language Centre FPEL EEAL0560 Poetry Project File Analysis of â€Å"Where Does the Temple Begin. Where does it end? † by Mary Oliver [pic] Name: Eman Amer Salim AL-amri . ID Number:102400. Section: 350 . Submitted to : Nicholas Hilmers. Where Does the Temple Begin, Where Does It End? There are things you can’t reach. But you can reach out to them, and all day long. The wind, the bird flying away. The idea of God. And it can keep you as busy as anything else, and happier. The snake slides away; the fish jumps, like a little lily, out of the water and back in; the goldfinches sing from the unreachable top of the tree.I look; morning to night I am never done with looking. Looking I mean not just standing around, but standing around as though with your arms open. And thinking: maybe something will come, some shining coil of wind, or a few leaves from any old tree –they are all in this too. And now I will tell you the truth. Everything in the world comes. At least, closer. And, cordially. Like the nibbling, tinsel-eyed fish; the unlooping snake. Like goldfinches, little dolls of gold fluttering around the corner of the sky of God, the blue air. Glossary: Lily: â€Å"type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers†.Finch: â€Å"is a small bird with strong beak†. The poem where does the temple begin, where does it end? Was Written by Mary Oliver and Published in 2004 by Beacon Press in the book Why I Wake early. Mary Oliver is one of the most famous American poets. She was born s on September 10, 1935 Maple Heights, Ohio. Her job is poet and she has taught at several universities. Furthermore she won the Pulitzer Prize in 1984 the L. L. Win ship/PEN New England Award in 1990 and the National Book Award in 1992, and her essays appeared in Best American Essays 1996, 1998 and 2001. ( www. ikipedia. org) Oliver loves nature and it inspiration and describes the sense of wonder it instills in her. Her creativity is inspired by nature. Moreover Oliver’s poems are filled with lots of imagery and that is because of her daily walks near her home and close to nature. (www. wikipedia. org ) The meaning of the title is a question, about where can you start looking and thinking and wonders about a miraculous things in nature (animals, wind, plant†¦ etc. ) and where you stop doing that. She uses the word temple to give the idea that the nature is a sacred thing .The main theme of the poem is that the writer wants us (the readers) to look at nature with a sense of exploration. Everything will come to you in the end, whether it is something you want to discover in nature or in other meaning you want to achieve it in your life. There are 15 lines in the poem. The speaker is a woman, probably the poet herself. The rhythm of the poem is fast and energetic. The poem doesn’t have a rhyme scheme. There are four similes and one metaphor in the poem. This po em is all about the nature and a sense of wonder.In the first two lines, the speaker tells us that there are somethings you can’t have. You can’t reach them. Even if you try all day long, you will not reach all of them, for example, some birds in the top the tree or some beautiful fish in a pond. Maybe she also means that there are some dreams you will not be able to achieve all of. Even if you try and work hard to achieve them for several years, you can’t make them all happen. However, you still can have some faith that you may be able to reach some of them if you want it deeply.Line 3 describes the wonderful things that you can see in nature that are made by god. Line 4 tells us that all these amazing creatures were made by of god . Line 5 continues from line 3-4 the feeling that all this nature that god created can keep you busy and wondering about the greatness of nature’s creation. As busy as anything else is a simile, which means that nature can cap ture a lots of your time. Just looking at it and the variety of the creatures that you can see in nature can captivate your soul and brain for you sense of happiness and joyfulness.In line 6 the writer gives us an image in the phrase the snake slides away. Here the writer describes the wonderful movement of a snake that can make you carious to know how it is created. Furthermore in the same line the speaker give us a simile when she describes the jumping of a fish like a little lily which is â€Å"type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers†. ( Oxford dictionary 2006)The writer also gives us another great image of nature :The gold finches sing from the unreachable top of the tree .Here unreachable top of the tree is connected to the first line of the poem where there are things you can’t reach even if you want to like the gold finches who sing from a far place. In line 7 the writer invites us to look at nature by saying I look and then saying morning to night where she means she looks at nature all day long without feeling bored or done with looking. In line 8 the writer tells us that in line 7 when she said looking she didn’t mean just standing around in nature, but standing around as though with your arms open .Here I think the writer means that your mind should be open and think about what god created . In line 9 the poet extends this idea by saying that when you stand around with your mind open and working, maybe something will come to you, for example, a shining coil of wind. Maybe she means some air which will give you an energetic spirit. Moreover when Oliver says few leaves from any old tree, maybe she means that it may be you in your childhood or any old memory. In Line 10 the writer wants to get our attention by saying I will tell you the truth as if she will tell us secret or give us advice.In Lines 11-12 Oliver explains that, by saying everything in the world comes and I think she means her e that anything you want will come to you ( you will achieve it ) and will happen for you . The phrase at least, closer means at a closer time. In line 13 she completes lines 11-12by saying that the things that will happen, will happen cordially (in a friendly way). In line 14 Oliver uses simile in the phrase like the nibbling; tinsel –eyed fish; the unlooping snake. Oliver focuses on the state of these animals just to let us imagine with her the small details.Line 15 also has simile in the phrase like gold finches which means that the birds (gold finches) will also come at least in the end, and here lines 13-14 are related to line 11. In the phrase little dolls of gold Oliver uses a metaphor, saying that the gold finches are like small dolls. Moreover fluttering around the corner of the sky of god means moving and flying in the area of the sky which belongs to the god , and the blue air refers to the sky were you will see the gold finches flying. In conclusion, where does th e temple begin?Where does it end? is a poem that is about nature. Furthermore it has some hope and supports us because in my opinion experiencing at nature and having some new air can change your mood and your feeling. This poem is one of the best poems I have read because I like the nature and animals and it reminds me about my town Salalah. However, the poem lacks the rhyme scheme element which is in my opinion a weakness in the poem. Furthermore it has simple words and actually it has an energetic spirit. Moreover nature is always my favorite theme. Bibliography:Oxford dictionary Oxford University Press 2006 printed in china www. panhala. net/Archive/Index. htmlRetrieved on 19112012 (the poem) Retrieved on 21112012 www. wikipedia. org Retrieved on 24112012 Oliver is book† Why I Wake early† www. amazon. com Retrieved by Tina Silva on 1122012 collection of Oliver is poems http://rinabeana. com/poemoftheday/index. php/category/mary-oliver Retrieved on 3122012 an article by Ratner Rochelle written on Apr 15, 2006 www. connection. ebscohost. com Retrieved on 12122012 Image for Oliver www. google. com [pic]

Archaic Period - Ancient American Hunter-Gatherers

Archaic Period - Ancient American Hunter-Gatherers The Archaic period is the name given to generalized hunter-gatherer societies in the American continents from approximately 8,000 to 2000 years BC. Archaic lifestyles includes a dependence on elk, deer, and bison depending on where the site is, and a wide range of plant materials. In coastal areas, shellfish and marine mammals were important food sources, and fish weirs were an important technological advance. Archaic Advances Important advances of the later Archaic period include earthworks at sites such as Poverty Point and Watson Brake (both in Louisiana), and the first pottery in the Americas, a fiber-tempered ware named after Stallings Island South Carolina were an important invention. During the Altithermal, Archaic peoples dug wells to stay alive in the high plains of west Texas and eastern New Mexico. The Archaic period people are also responsible for the domestication of such important New World plants as bottle gourd, maize and cassava, the use of which plants would flourish in later periods. Regional Archaic The term Archaic is quite broad, and covers an enormous area of North and South America. As a result, several regional archaic groups have been recognized. Regional Archaic Traditions: Plains Archaic, Oshara Tradition, Maritime Archaic, Shield Archaic, Ortoiroid, Piedmont Tradition, Pinto Culture, San Dieguito, Orange Culture, Mount Albion See Guide to the Mesolithic for information about the roughly parallel period in the Old World.

Bless Me Essay Example For Students

Bless Me Essay Bless me, Ultima Essay What is faith? Does everyone have faith? Is faith believing in something you havent seen but you think is true? All of these questions have an answer and in Bless me, Ultima by Rodolfo Anaya these questions are important. In fact, many people question their faith because they are confused about what they see or hear. In Bless me, Ultima, Rudolfo Anaya shows that on this world there are many types of faith one believes in. The author uses imagery, folklore, and dream sequences to convey the meaning of Bless me, Ultima. Anaya uses imagery to show how Christianity and witchcraft are two different beliefs, and they are in conflict with each other. The imagery provides a picture of Tonys conflict of Ultima dying. For example, When Tony was next to Ultima he knew she was going to die. As Ultima was dying, Her voice very weak, her eyes already glazed with death. 260 Anaya makes that imagery for us to see what Tony was seeing. Second, Anaya uses dream sequences to show that Tony has conflicts with himself about his beliefs. He questions his belief in this dream because he is afraid of what he might find out. In his dream Tony says, Everything I believe in was destroyed. A painful wrenching in my heart made me cry aloud, why God? my God, why have you forsaken me! 243 Tony cannot accept what is happening. Why do all good people have to die? In fact, Anaya uses folklore in this story to show that every language there is folklore about religions that believes in. Therefore, in this part it says The Agua Negra was the land of the Commanche Indians. Three Commanche raided the flock of one. So grandfather Tellez hanged them and left them strung on a tree. Now their souls wandered around the ranch. 227 This is one folklore from the story. Many are passed down from generation to generation. In conclusion, Anaya showed how Tony had many conflicts with himself about religion and beliefs. Any beliefs that one has are going to be different from someone elses. In Bless me, Ultima Rodolfo Anaya shows that this earth are many types of faiths. Yet, one has a freedom to choose ones path in life. Whether is to believe in a god or not.

The Application of Marketing - PARTA -The tools of Marketing Essay

The Application of Marketing - PARTA -The tools of Marketing - Essay Example For example, advertising is a powerful means to reach out to customers, but it is expensive and needs to use the right media and the right message for effective results on the vast resources expended on it. Public relations is a more subtle approach useful in managing issues of public concern and top level messages, but suffers from the deficiencies of requiring professional support and difficulty in evaluating its impact. Sales promotion is an effective means of addressing a particular target market, whose impact on the objective of increased sales can be measured, and enhances sales channel commitment to the product. However, it suffers from the deficiencies of forecasting problems, with the effect being only as long as the sales promotion lasts and the possibility of brand devaluation, particularly if price is a part of the sales promotion strategy. Yet, when used in conjunction these tools of marketing can be an effective to achieving the marketing objectives for a product (Cheve rton, 2006). In 2003, Coca-Cola along with its competitor Pepsi ran into trouble on India, when the environmental NGO, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE report) released a report that the presence of pesticides in the soft drinks exceeded the European standards (Vedwan, 2007). Coca-Cola attempted to negate the effect of this accusation by running advertisements using film stars to indicate that their production infrastructure and methods provided soft drinks that were pure for consumption. In addition they ran a sales promotion campaigning giving 50 ml more of soft drink at no extra cost. These efforts failed, though Coca-Cola was not at fault for the CSE report on the presence of pesticides in the soft drinks and their market share dropped. There was more faith in the non-profit making report than in the claims of the profit making multi-national giant and went to show the inept